Arylesterase activity is associated with antioxidant intake and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene methylation in metabolic syndrome patients following an energy restricted diet

Authors

  • Rocio de la Iglesia Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology. University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
  • Maria L. Mansego Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology. University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition. Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
  • Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz Department of Nutrition and Bromatology I (Nutrition), The Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • M. Angeles Zulet Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology. University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition. Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
  • J. Alfredo Martinez Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology. University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition. Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain

Keywords:

DNA methylation, ARE, PON1 gene, obesity, metabolic syndrome, energy restriction, antioxidants

Abstract

The arylesterase (ARE) activity linked to the paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene is known to protect lipoproteins from oxidation and provide defense against metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. The epigenetic regulation of enzymatic activities is gaining importance nowadays. This research aimed to assess the potential relationships between the ARE activity with the methylation levels of the PON1 gene transcriptional regulatory region, anthropometrics, biochemical markers and antioxidant dietary components. Forty-seven subjects (47 ± 10 y.o; BMI 36.2 ± 3.8 kg/m2; 46.8 % female) with MetS features, who followed a six-month energy-restricted dietary weight-loss intervention, were included in this study (www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01087086). Anthropometric, biochemical, enzymatic and dietary data were assessed using validated procedures. PON1 transcriptional regulatory region methylation was analyzed by a microarray technical approach. Volunteers reduced ARE activity in parallel with body weight (p = 0.005), BMI (p = 0.006), total fat mass (p = 0.020), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.018), mean blood pressure (p = 0.022) and triglycerides (p = 0.014). Methylation levels of some CpG sites of the PON1 gene correlated negatively with ARE activity (p < 0.05). Interestingly, dietary vitamin C (p = 0.001), tocopherols (p = 0.009) and lycopene (p = 0.038) were positively associated with ARE activity and showed an inverse correlation (p = 0.004, p = 0.029 and p = 0.021, respectively) with the methylation of some selected CpG sites of the PON1 gene. In conclusion, ARE activity decreased in parallel with MetS-related markers associated to the energy restriction, while dietary antioxidants might enhance the ARE activity by lowering the PON1 gene methylation in patients with MetS features.

Published

2014-04-09

How to Cite

de la Iglesia, R., Mansego, M. L., Sánchez-Muniz, F. J., Zulet, M. A., & Martinez, J. A. (2014). Arylesterase activity is associated with antioxidant intake and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene methylation in metabolic syndrome patients following an energy restricted diet. EXCLI Journal, 13, 416–426. Retrieved from https://www.excli.de/index.php/excli/article/view/707

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Section

Original articles